Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic organs. It can cause chronic pelvic pain, painful periods, heavy menstrual bleeding, and infertility. Treatment options for endometriosis include pain management, hormonal therapies (such as birth control pills or hormonal IUDs), surgical interventions (such as laparoscopy to remove endometrial implants), or in severe cases, a hysterectomy.